The World's Largest Wetland Continues To Burn

The Pantanal Region In Brazil, The World's Largest Region Of Wetlands, Recorded The Worst Wildfires, In 2024

Monday, July 15, 2024, 12:30 A.M. ET. 3 Minute Read, By Elaine Metz, PhD Environmental Sciences: Englebrook Independent News,

MATO GROSSO, BR.- Since the start of 2024, one of the greatest and largest wetland regions, the Pantanal, has been experiencing the worst wildfire year in recorded history.

     The Pantanal is the world's largest tropical wetland and one of the most biodiverse areas on Earth. It is the noted home of many important and endangered species, such as jaguars and giant river otters, both of which have been considered keystone species. Others include howler monkeys and many human communities located throughout the region.

     Wildfires have been breaking out over this natural wonder since the start of 2024 and have intensified since the end of May, earlier than the expected start of the wildfire season, which usually ramps up in July. Already this year, wildfires have claimed over 760,000 hectares or 1.8 million acres of wetlands.

     According to Brazil's Institute for Space Research, this is an increase in the number of fires by 1500% compared to the previous year. Between January and June last year, 127 fires were reported, but in the same period this year, 1,315 fires have been reported. Researchers from the Federal University of Mato Grasso and the non-governmental organization SOS Pantanal are predicting that 2024 will become the worst wildfire year on record, exceeding the destruction the region experienced in 2020, with the previous record-breaking number of fires when 30% of Pantanal was destroyed.

     Both humans as well as animals are suffering from continued smoke inhalation, burns, loss of their homes, and in many cases, the loss of their lives. In addition, wetlands are important areas of carbon stores, but when burned, carbon dioxide is released, which climate scientists affirm has a negative on the climate. During the 2020 fires, an estimated 115 million tonnes of carbon dioxide was released from the Pantanal.

     The increase in fires is due to the disruption of the flood pulse that occurs every year and fills the area with water during the rainy season and drains in the dry season. 

     According to biologists at SOS Pantanal, the floods used to last around six months, but now they last only two to three months. In addition, the Pantanal Wetland has lost 68% of its water volume since 1985. Conditions are continuing to dry due to a steady decrease in the yearly amounts, which makes it even more likely that catastrophic wildfires will continue to increase each year at an alarming rate.

FILED UNDER: JULY 15, 2024: WORLD, SCIENCE & NATURE:                      

  

Ariane-6 Rocket Launches For European Space Agency

The European Space Agency & ArianeGroup Celebrates Tuesday's Successful Launch Of Ariane-6

Friday, July 12, 2024, 9:30 A.M. ET. 3 Minute Read, By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News,

KOUROU, GF.- On Tuesday, July 9, 2024, the European Space Agency (ESA) celebrated a significant milestone with the successful launch of the Ariane 6 Rocket, marking its maiden flight from Guiana Space Centre in Kourou, French Guiana. This highly anticipated event begins a new era in European space exploration and commercial satellite deployment.

     The Ariane 6 rocket, developed by ESA and its primary contractor ArianeGroup, lifted off at 14:00 UTC, carrying a payload of test satellites designed to validate the rocket's performance across a range of mission parameters. The launch proceeded without issue, culminating in the successful deployment of 2 of 3 payloads into their intended orbits.

     The Ariane 6 aims to offer more cost-effective and flexible access to space compared to its predecessor, the Ariane 5. It features a modular design with two configurations: Ariane 62, with two solid rocket boosters, and Ariane 64, with four boosters. 

     This modularity allows the rocket to handle a wide range of missions, from medium-lift to heavy-lift operations. "We are incredibly proud of today's successful launch," said Daniel Neuenschwander, ESA Director of Human and Robotic Exploration. "Ariane 6 is a game-changer for Europe's space capabilities, offering unmatched versatility and cost-efficiency." This cost efficiency is estimated to reduce launch costs by up to 50%.

     Although the Ariane-6's modular aspects allow for flexibility in the payload it can launch, critics have pointed out that it will still be more costly than Space X launches since Space X rockets are reusable. "Ariane 6 is no longer competitive with Falcon 9. This we have to face," said Toni Tolker-Nielsen, a Danish veteran of the European Space Agency tasked with turning the struggling Airane program around.

     The difference in cost-effectiveness essentially comes down to the difference in the amount of launches expected. In 2023, Space X had 96 launches and expected a similar amount by year-end. Contrast that with the 9 launches planned by the ESA for the same year. "If you have 10 flights per year and you are only building one new launcher per year, then from an industrial point of view, that's not going to work," said Jan Womer, who ran the European Space Agency between 2015 and 2021.

     Still, this can be considered a win for the ESA and its partner European countries. "The success of Ariane 6 underscores Europe's commitment to maintaining independent access to space," stated Andre-Huber Roussel, CEO of ArianeGroup. "This rocket will ensure that Europe remains at the forefront of space exploration and satellite deployment."

FILED UNDER: JULY 12, 2024: WORLD, SCIENCE & NATURE, EDUCATION:    

      

  

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Plans To Reduce The Population Of Barred Owl

Over The Next 30 Years, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Plans to Reduce The Barred Owl By 450,000

Monday, July 8, 2024, 7:30 A.M. ET. 3 Minute Read, By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News,

BAILEY'S CROSSROADS, VA.- Last Wednesday, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service announced in a press release a plan to kill 450,000 Barred Owls along the west coast of the United States over the next 30 years.

     The purpose of this cull is to remove the non-native Barred Owl from the territory of the native and now-endangered Spotted Owl. "We're at a crossroads, and we've now developed the science and analyzed everything," said Bridget Moran, a deputy state supervisor for the Fish and Wildlife Service in Oregon. "We have to manage the barred owl. There is time to protect spotted owls, but that window is closing."

     Since the 1970s, Barred Owls have been spotted along the west coast with their population growing rapidly, displacing the native Spotted Owl. Estimates indicate that the Spotted Owl population has decreased by some 75%. Though it's not clear exactly why the Barred Owls have increased their range into the West, it is expected that humans may have played a part, possibly in releasing birds that were kept as pets. 

     The actual plan as proposed would not call for, or allow public hunting of the birds. Instead, crews of professionals would broadcast territorial calls on loudspeakers to lure the birds into range. Once in range, the professionals would dispatch the birds with shotguns.

     The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service believes that this would give the Spotted Owl an increased chance of survival by 10%. Opposition to the plan has focused on the low increase in survival chances as well as the fact that this plan would not fully eradicate the Barred Owl, but would only decrease its numbers. The agency has yet to specify what steps could be taken to prevent the Barred Owl from returning to this territory in the future.

FILED UNDER: JULY 8, 2024: NATIONAL, SCIENCE & NATURE, EDUCATION:   

 

Scientists Uncover Fossils Of Giant Salamander In Southern Africa

Fossils Of 272 Million-Year-Old Giant Fanged Salamander Unearthed In Namibia

Sunday, July 7, 2024, 6:15 A.M. ET. 2 Minute Read, By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News,

NAMIBIA, AF.- Scientists have revealed fossils of a giant salamander-like creature with sharp fangs that inhabited the earth before the first dinosaurs. Animal researchers say it is roughly 272 million years old which means that it lived some 40 million years before the first known dinosaurs evolved.

     The findings were published Wednesday in the journal, Nature. Researchers have dubbed the species Giaasia jennyae, a hommage to Gia a geological formation in Namibia, a country located in southern Africa, where the fossils were unearthed, and to Jenny Clack, a paleontologist who studied how vertebrates transitioned from water to land.

     "Gaiasia jennyae was larger than a person in length, and it probably hung out near the bottom of swamps and lakes," said Jason Pardo, an NSF postdoctoral fellow at the Field Museum in Chicago and the co-lead author of the study. It had a "big flat, toilet seat-shaped head," "huge fangs" and "giant teeth." The fossil's skull was about 2 feet long. Researchers believe the predator likely used its wide flat head and front teeth to suck in and bite unsuspecting prey.

     Fossil remnants of four creatures collected about a decade ago were analyzed in the Nature study, including a partial skull and backbone. While Gaiasia jennyae was an aquatic animal, it could move on land, albeit slowly. The species belonged to a superclass of animals called tetrapods; four-legged vertebrates that climbed onto land with fingers instead of fins and evolved into amphibians, birds, and mammals including humans.

     As reported in Earth.com, Gaiasia jennyae is more than just a prehistoric creature- It's a key to unlocking the mysteries of the Permian period, enabling paleontologists to understand how the world evolved.

FILED UNDER: JULY 7, 2024: SCIENCE & NATURE, EDUCATION, WORLD:            

This May Be Coming Soon, To A U.S. Farm Near You

Denmark Is The First Country To Tax Livestock Greenhouse Gas Emissions, To Combat Climate Change

Tuesday, July 2, 2024, 2:00 P.M. ET. 3 Minute Read, By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News,

COPENHAGEN, DK.- On June 24, 2024, the Danish government announced that a deal has been reached between Farmers, Politicians, Business leaders, and others that would result in the taxation of livestock burps and other greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Denmark is the first country to trial such a tax which is scheduled to start by 2030.

     The tax, as approved, will start at $17 per ton of emission, rising over the next five years to $43 per ton in 2035. The proceeds from this tax will be used to help transition the farming and livestock industries in Demark to more sustainable systems that produce fewer greenhouse gasses.

     Currently, agriculture is the leading source of GPGs in Denmark, with livestock being responsible for nearly 15% of all GHGs worldwide. "Agriculture is Denmark's largest emitter of CO2. It can not continue. That is why we are the first country in the world to introduce a climate tax and speed up green measures, so that we are more certainly on track to reach the 2030 target. Now there is a lot of work to be done to realize the agreement," Lars Aagaad, Denmark's Climate, Energy, and Supply Minister, said in a statement.

     Despite being only 133 out of 192 countries in terms of size, Denmark is one of the largest exporters of pork worldwide and has a substantial beef and dairy industry.

     Large numbers of livestock are thought to contribute to GHG emissions through burps and flatulence. Much of this is generated by the burps of cows, as well as other ruminant animals like goats and sheep. As these animals digest grass and other plants, a process called enteric fermentation occurs which creates methane. This methane byproduct is considered to be a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change as well as the emission of CO2.

     "Today, we are writing a new chapter in Danish agriculture history," said Minister of Food, Agriculture, and Fisheries, Jacob Jensen. "Denmark is a proud food-producing nation, where we have some of the world's most skilled farmers, for whom we now ensure a stable framework to continue producing world-class food for many years into the future. With the agreement, we create growth and jobs throughout the country, while taking care of our climate, environment, and nature."

     Other countries such as New Zealand have also considered a similar tax, though in the case of New Zealand, the plans were halted due to concerns of damaging the industry and economy. Now that Denmark has officially taken this first step, we are likely to see some other nations following suit.

FILED UNDER: JULY 2, 2024: WORLD, NATIONAL, LOCAL, SCIENCE & NATURE, CLIMATE CHANGE:      

  

Scientists Now Have Proof Wildfires Are Increasing Worldwide

Over The Past Two Decades, Wildfires Are Increasing In Numbers & Intensity

Wednesday, June 26, 2024, 6:00 P.M. ET. By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News,

MANHATTAN, NY.- For years, scientists and conservationists alike have been sounding the alarm on the increase and intensity of wildfires across the globe, but now they have solid proof that they were right. A recent analysis of satellite images reveals that extreme wildfires have more than doubled in frequency over the past two decades, and many are blaming climate change.

     Wildfires are classified by their Fire Radiative Power (FRP). This is the thermal radiative energy output from fires that is measured in watts and joules per second. The study by Cunningham et al, in Nature, Ecology and Evolution found that the average FRP has increased by a factor of 2.3, or more than double (see graph below).

     Infrared records were used to measure the energy intensity of 31 million fire events over the past two decades, with a focus on the most extreme ones, roughly 2,900 major events. The researchers then calculated that there was a 2.2-fold increase in the frequency of extreme events globally from 2003 through 2023 and a 2.3-fold boost in the average intensity of the top 20 most intense fires each year.

     The places most likely to experience these more intense wildfires are Canada, Russia, and the United States due to their large contiguous forests and coniferous trees. The frequency of wildfires in these countries is much larger than the 2.2-fold increase elsewhere, with an 11.1-fold increase in pine and spruce forest lands and a 7.3-fold increase in boreal or taiga forest lands. "It's the extreme events that we care about the most, and those are the ones that are increasing quite significantly," says lead author Calum Cunningham, an ecologist at the University of Tasmania in Hobart, Australia. "Surprisingly, this has never been shown at a global scale."

     While climate change is a significant driver, other factors like land management practices and invasive species also play a major role. Scientists and firefighters are urging action on multiple fronts to mitigate wildfire risk. This includes sustainable forest management, controlled burns to reduce fuel loads, and investing in fire prevention technologies.

FILED UNDER: JUNE 26, 2024: WORLD< NATIONAL, LOCAL, SCIENCE & NATURE:    

     

         

  

Microplastics May Be A Factor In Erectile Dysfunction

A New Study Has Found That Microplastics Found InWater & Food May Be The Cause Of Erectile Dysfunction

Wednesday, June 26, 2024, 1:00 P.M. ET. By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News,

MANHATTAN, NY.- A new study has revealed that microplastics (mp's) found in men with erectile dysfunction may be a direct cause. These plastic particles measure less than 5mm in length and can be as small as 2 micrometers, (for comparison a human hair is about 100 micrometers in diameter), which means they are easily ingested from food and water supplies.

     A systematic review of over 50 peer-reviewed articles resulted in an estimate of the average person consuming approximately 53,000 mp's annually from seafood alone. That amount of plastic is equivalent to 17 credit cards. Mp's are also found in vegetables, fruits, and berries and can contaminate foods from plastic packaging.

     The presence of microplastics in human penises raises serious questions about the potential health implications. While the exact effects of these particles on human health are still being researched, there is growing evidence that they can disrupt hormone systems, cause inflammation, and affect reproductive health. Some researchers also speculate that microplastics could act as vectors for harmful chemicals, such as pesticides and heavy metals, which can adhere to surfaces.

     In this study, four of five men with erectile dysfunction had microplastics in their penises. According to the author of the study Dr. Ranjith Ramasamy, "The one man in this study who didn't have any detectable microplastics in his penis leads a very traditional, Cuban guy elderly lifestyle. He said he doesn't use a lot of plastics."

     While it is not yet clear if there is a direct link between erectile dysfunction and microplastics, these plastics are constantly around us and in our bodies making it likely that they will have negative effects on human health. Because of this risk to our health, the pervasive nature of plastic pollution demands urgent action on multiple fronts. Efforts to reduce plastic waste, improve recycling technologies, and develop sustainable alternatives are critical steps in mitigating the spread of microplastics in our environment and in our bodies. Regulatory measures aimed at limiting the production and use of unnecessary plastics can also play a pivotal role in safeguarding human health.

     I will be following the continuing research and studies into microplastics and will keep you updated.

FILED UNDER: JUNE 26, 2024: HEALTH & WELLNESS, SCIENCE & NATURE:        

 

Rare Star Explosion Will Been Seen This Summer In Night Sky

For The First Time In Nearly Eight Decades, Stargazers Will Be Able To Witness The "Blaze Star" Explosion

Saturday, June 22, 2024, 4:00 A.M. ET. By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News, 

MANHATTAN, NY.- With the start of the summer solstice on Thursday, astronomers and stargazers alike are counting down in anticipation of the "Blaze Star" explosion. This celestial event, expected to occur in the next few months, promises to offer a spectacular display of light and energy in the night sky.

     The Blaze Star, scientifically known as T Coronae Borealis (TCrB), is a rare type of variable star characterized by its erratic behavior and occasional outbursts. Typically, T CrB maintains a steady brightness similar to our Sun. However, approximately every few decades, it undergoes a dramatic increase in luminosity, brightened by several magnitudes in a matter of days.

     The last recorded outburst of T CrB was in 1946, making the upcoming event highly anticipated by astronomers who are eager to study its behavior and understand the underlying mechanisms that trigger such explosive episodes. These outbursts are believed to result from the accumulation of material on the star's surface, possibly due to interactions with a companion star in a binary system.

     Although we will see the explosion this summer, it actually happened 3,000 years ago. Because the Blaze Star is 3,000 light years away from Earth, it has taken three millennia to reach us. "It's incredibly exciting to have this front-row seat," said Dr. Rebekah Hounsell, an assistant research scientist at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.

     During this peak brightness, the Blaze Star could become visible to the naked eye or with binoculars, depending on its exact magnitude increase. Astronomical observatories around the world are preparing to monitor and capture data on this event, utilizing advanced telescopes and imaging technologies to document its evolution and spectacular changes. 

     As the countdown to the Blaze Star explosion continues, astronomers and enthusiasts eagerly await the opportunity to witness and study this awe-inspiring display of cosmic fireworks. You can find information on locating the star and when to be looking, here: https://www.nasa.gov/centers-and-facilities/marshall/nasa-global-astronomers-await-rare-nova-explosion/

FILED UNDER: NATIONAL, LOCAL, WORLD, SCIENCE & NATURE:            

Thermal Batteries Provide Cleaner More Efficient Heat For Industries

The Integration Of Fire Bricks Into Thermal Batteries Will Provide Capabilities For Cleaner Energy Storage

Thursday, June 20, 2024, 7:00 A.M. ET. By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News,

MANHATTAN, NY.- In a promising development for renewable energy storage and industrial energy use, researchers have successfully incorporated fire bricks into thermal batteries, marking a significant step forward in sustainable technology. This innovative approach not only enhances the efficiency of energy storage systems but also offers a practical solution for converting electricity into heat.

     Thermal batteries utilize materials capable of storing and releasing large amounts of thermal energy. Traditionally, these batteries have relied on molten salts or phase-change materials. However, a team of scientists at MIT along with the company Electrified Thermal Solutions (ETS), has pioneered the use of fire bricks, commonly used in kilns and furnaces, to achieve similar energy storage capabilities.

     The principles at work here are in two parts, firstly the ability of fire bricks to absorb and retain heat over extended periods of time and second, the ability of the metal oxides in the fire bricks to convert electricity into heat. By having changed the recipe of the metal oxides in the bricks, they are now capable of reaching temperatures of a searing 3,275 degrees Fahrenheit---much hotter than even the melting point of steel at 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit. "There's no exotic metals in here, there's nothing that'll burn out," said Daniel Stack of ETS.

     The integration of fire bricks into thermal batteries not only enhances energy storage capacity but also addresses key challenges faced by renewable energy systems. Such as intermittency and variability. Industries that rely on large amounts of heat such as those producing glass, steel, and concrete now have an alternative to fossil fuels that is cheap and effective with a 95% efficiency for storing heat.

     This new development could now lead to industries actually spending less than they do now for the same output for heat. For more information on these bricks and their uses, you can go to https://electrifiedthermal.com/

FILED UNDER: JUNE 20, 2024: SCIENCE & NATURE, EDUCATION, WORLD, GLOBAL, NATIONAL:   

 

   

H5N1 Bird Flu Is Spreading In Wild Mammals

The Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Bird Flu Has Been Detected In  50 Species Of Wild Mammals Across The Globe

Monday, June 17, 2024, 9:00 A.M. ET. By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News, 

MANHATTAN, NY.- As a follow-up to my recent publications, the Highly Pathogenic H5N1 bird flu has now been detected in nearly 50 species of wild mammals in 26 countries since 2020. Of these species, 21 have occurred in the United States ranging in size and location from house mice in New Mexico to Polar bears in Alaska.

     Over 300 cases have now been recorded by the USDA since May of 2022. The range in species and locations indicates that this flu virus is highly adaptable in mammals and may become more likely to cause infections in humans.

     "This discovery is concerning because it suggests a broader susceptibility of mammals to the H5N1 virus," stated Dr. Amanda Lee, a virologist at the Institute of Animal Health. "While transmission between mammals is rare, it poses significant risks due to the potential for mutation and adaption." 

     Some animals such as sea lions and elephant seals do seem to be spreading the virus among themselves. In Argentina last year, 17,000 elephant seals died from infection along with 96% of the pups born last year. Other marine mammals including dolphins, porpoises, and others have also been dying in their thousands from H5N1 along the Pacific coast in South America.

     So far, there have only been 3 human cases in the United States in this time, with two coming from contact with infected dairy cattle, and one case from poultry farming. An Australian child was hospitalized with a severe infection after contracting bird flu in India. This was the most severe infection in a human in recent years, with most people having very mild symptoms. No details have been made available on the general health of the child prior to infection, which may have played a role in the severity of the symptoms. Australian officials have since reported that the child has made a full recovery.

FILED UNDER: JUNE 17, 2024: LOCAL, NATIONAL, WORLD, SCIENCE & NATURE:   

Trees For The Future Across Africa

Trees For The Future Bringing Natural Climate Change & Increased Growth To Communities Across Africa 

Sunday, June 16, 2024, 7:00 A.M. ET. By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News,

MANHATTAN, NY.- In the semi-arid regions of Africa, and along the southern reaches of the Sarah desert, an initiative known as Trees for the Future is fighting desertification and providing natural resources for local communities. In addition to providing resources in a land where they are often scarce, this project aims to combat deforestation and restore degraded lands through the planting of trees.

     Trees for the Future, founded in 1989, has been planting over 225 million trees across the globe, with a significant focus on the continent of Africa. The project's mission is to improve the livelihoods of impoverished communities by training farmers in sustainable agricultural practices and tree planting. By including trees in their farming systems, these communities are not only restoring the environment but are also enhancing food security and economic stability.

     A cornerstone of the Trees for the Future initiative is the Forest Garden Program. This approach involves planting fast-growing trees alongside crops, creating a sustainable and diverse ecosystem. These forest gardens provide multiple benefits; they improve soil health, increase crop yields, and offer a variety of products such as fruits, nuts, and medicinal plants.

     The program spans several African countries, including Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, and Senegal. In these regions, farmers receive comprehensive training and ongoing support from Trees for the Future's team of experts. The training covers a wide range of topics, from seed selection and nursery establishment to soil conservation and market access. 

     Farmers involved in the program have reported significant increases in their income and food production. The diversity of crops and products from the forest gardens allows them to generate revenue year-round, reducing their vulnerability to market fluctuations and climate change.

     This reforestation effort also helps combat soil erosion, enhances water retention, and sequester carbon, contributing to the global fight against climate change. The restored landscapes support biodiversity, providing habitats for a variety of plant and animal species. 

     As the project continues to expand, Trees for the Future aims to plant an additional 500 million trees by 2030. The organization is also focusing on scaling up its training programs to reach more farmers and communities across Africa. For more information on this project visit: https://Trees.org.

FILED UNDER: JUNE 16, 2024: EDUCATION, SCIENCE & NATURE, WORLD:  

   

     

 

Elephants Found To Use Unique Names For Each Other

Researchers Have Revealed That Elephants Use Distinct Sounds As "Names" To Communicate To Each Other

Friday, June 14, 2024, 12:30 P.M. ET. By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News,

MANHATTAN, NY.- In a groundbreaking study, researchers have discovered that elephants may use distinct sounds as "names" to identify each other, a behavior previously believed to be unique to humans and certain bird species.

     The study, conducted by a team from the University of Sussex, found that elephants use specific vocalizations to call out to other members of their herd, suggesting a complex social structure and communication system.

     The research carried out in Amboseli National Park in Kenya involved observing a herd of African elephants over several years. Scientists recorded the calls and analyzed the context in which they were used. They found that when an elephant was separated from the group, it would emit a specific call directed at a particular individual, who would respond in kind.

     Dr. Karen McComb, the lead researcher, explained, "Our findings indicate that elephants have a sophisticated way of communicating, using unique identifiers akin to names. This challenges our understanding of animal communication and opens up new questions about the cognitive abilities of these majestic creatures."

     Understanding Elephant communication can aid in developing better strategies to protect these endangered animals from poaching and habitat destruction. This breakthrough revelation also adds to the growing body of evidence that elephants possess high levels of intelligence and emotional range, reinforcing the need for their ethical treatment.

FILED UNDER: JUNE 14, 2024: EDUCATION, SCIENCE & NATURE:   

 

East Asian Joro Spider Coming Soon To A Neighborhood Near You

The Japanese Flying Venomous Joro Spider Is Anticipated To Spread Across The U.S.

Tuesday, June 11, 2024, 5:30 P.M. ET. By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News,

MANHATTAN, NY.- In recent months, an invasive arachnid species commonly known as the Joro spider (Trichonephila clavata) has been making headlines across the United States as sightings of these striking arachnids increase in number and frequency.

     Originally native to East Asia, particularly Japan, these spiders have been rapidly expanding their territory, causing concerns among researchers and residents alike.

     Characterized by their distinctive yellow and black markings and large, orb-shaped webs, the Joro spiders have been spotted in various states, including Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Alabama. While they are not considered aggressive towards humans, their presence has led to some apprehension due to their size and the potential ecological impact of their invasion.

     According to experts, the Joro spider's rapid spread can be attributed to a combination of factors, including favorable environmental conditions and accidental human transport. The species is known to thrive in a variety of habitats, from forests to urban areas, and their ability to reproduce quickly contributes to their success in colonizing new territories.

     Efforts to monitor and manage the Joro spider population are already underway, with researchers conducting studies to better understand their behavior and potential impact on local ecosystems. However, the sheer number of sightings suggests that controlling their spread may prove challenging. Residents are advised to exercise caution when encountering these spiders and to report any sightings to local authorities or relevant organizations. 

     While the long-term consequences of the Joro spider invasion remain uncertain, proactive measures are essential to mitigate any potential risks to native species and ecosystems.

     As the summer months are now upon us, and the Joro spiders continue to make their presence known, communities across the United States should remain vigilant, hoping to find effective solutions to this burgeoning arachnid invasion.

FILED UNDER: JUNE 11, 2024: COMMUNITY, SCIENCE & NATURE, EDUCATION:

  

Last Month's Northern Lights

May's Strongest Solar Storm Brings The Aurora Borealis To All 50 States & Throughout Parts Of The World

Monday, June 10, 2024, 11:30 A.M. ET. By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News,

MANHATTAN, NY.- In May of this year the world witnessed the strongest solar storm in decades, producing colorful displays of the aurora borealis at latitudes far lower than usual. 

     The solar storm was so large and intense that the northern lights could be seen in all 50 states and parts of Mexico.

     Usually, the northern lights are only seen in the range of 60 to 75 degrees latitude which covers northern Europe, and parts of Canada and Russia. This storm, however, brought the northern lights to latitudes as low as 30 degrees.

     The sun is currently about to enter the "Solar Maximum", its highest rate of activity in the 11-year solar cycle that flips the magnetic poles of the sun. This peak in activity coupled with the sunspot-producing the solar storm may result in more sightings of the aurora borealis in the U.S.

     Though predicting these events is not easy. Scientists had originally predicted that this cycle would be rather uneventful and it has already exceeded the margin of error for those predictions. Some have also voiced concerns over the interference with satellite communications which has already resulted in flight paths for airplanes altering to more southern paths.

     Anyone interested in following the sun's activity in hopes of seeing the aurora can find information from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration here at https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/

FILED UNDER: JUNE 10, 2024: SCIENCE & NATURE, EDUCATION:

       

  

New Breakthroughs In Graphene Battery Production

Researchers Are Making New Breakthroughs In Cost-Effective Graphene Battery Production

Friday, June 7, 2024, 1:00 P.M. ET. By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News,

MANHATTAN, NY.- In my May 23, 2024, first report, graphene has been shown to have tremendous promise for a variety of applications, from batteries to bioengineering with the list of possibilities to continue to evolve. Graphene, with its ability to hold a large charge with ultra-fast charging capabilities in a small, lightweight package has made it the clear ideal choice in replacing lithium-ion batteries.

     The major with graphene has been its production cost. New research, however, may have finally broken through with a way to make high-quality graphene at a low cost. 

     Currently, graphene is produced in a myriad of different ways with the most common being chemical vapor distillation (CVD). This process involves passing methane gas over a copper plate at a high temperature and a low pressure. Unfortunately, this process sometimes produces graphene of inferior quality.

     Researchers have determined that contamination by oxygen was the culprit for the low-quality production. By utilizing a carefully controlled oxygen-free environment, the research team was able to produce quickly without any defects.

     Industrial production of graphene using oxygen-free CVD is likely to become a reality in the coming months. Though this method is promising, it should be noted that there have been other "breakthroughs" in graphene production that haven't yet achieved the results needed for widespread, cost-effective commercial use. 

     Time will tell if oxygen-free CVD truly is the breakthrough it seems to be. I will be closely following the research as new breakthroughs come into play and will keep you updated.

FILED UNDER: JUNE 7, 2024: EDUCATION, SCIENCE & NATURE:

       

 

Offshore Wind Farms Unlikely To Cause Whale Deaths

An Increase In Whale Deaths Along The Jersey Shore Has Been Linked To Shipping & Changes In Feeding Patterns

Tuesday, June 4, 2024, 7:30 A.M. ET. By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News,

LONG BEACH ISLAND, NJ.- Earlier this year in April, a humpback whale was found dead on Long Beach Island in New Jersey. This was the 9th event in two years of humpback whales to wash ashore in New Jersey, recalling the effort in 2023 by Republicans to halt offshore wind farms along the East Coast. 

     The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA, has called the increase in deaths of humpback whales along the East Coast an unusual mortality event. NOAA has been monitoring this ever since 2016.

     Republican lawmakers in New Jersey have voiced loud and consistent opposition to the wind farms, eventually demanding a halt to the offshore wind farm construction projects to allow time to determine if the projects were the cause of these whale deaths. Conservative social media posts have been blaming the deaths on the construction of the wind farms, despite the fact that none have begun construction in New Jersey, and there is no clear that any activity in preparation of the offshore sites is a factor. Government agencies on both the Federal and State levels reject the idea that wind farms are to blame.

     Instead, government agencies have reported on the necropsies of no less than 40% of the dead whales, with most of them showing marks indicating strikes by large ships and entanglement in fishing lines and nets. Some scientists believe that warming waters may also have played a part, in changing the feeding behavior of the whales, but that link has yet to be fully established. Critics of the Republican lawmakers have argued that the Republican effort to stop offshore wind farms is fundamentally an effort to protect fossil fuel interests.

     The Environmental Protection Agency has found that wind farms pose a risk to certain species of birds, particularly during nighttime migration, but has not issued any rules prohibiting the use of wind turbines to generate power. Further studies will be required to determine the direct effects of wind farms on wildlife, both offshore and off.

FILED UNDER: LOCAL, SCIENCE & NATURE:    

   

 

Graphene The Next Generation In Batteries

Faster Charging, Longer Life, & Less Chance Of Explosion & Fire, Graphene The New Advancement In Battery Power

Thursday, May 23, 2024, 3:00 P.M. ET. By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News,

MANHATTAN, NY.- Graphene, is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice structured sheet. graphene is poised to become the material of choice to replace lithium-ion batteries, the batteries that power everything from cell phones to electric vehicles. 

     Graphene has 10 times the energy density of lithium-ion batteries and can charge in seconds to minutes, has a lower rate of overheating and thermal runaway, is not prone to explosion or fire, and can last up to 10 years. Combining graphene with other types of batteries such as superconductors can also increase the efficiency of batteries as well as enable them to operate in extreme cold.

     While lithium-ion batteries are currently utilized throughout a vast number of industries, they are not the ideal choice for battery material. Lithium-ion batteries have been linked to fires and in some instances, explosions, one example we all remember is "Hoverboards," lithium-ion batteries are also expensive to produce, do not function well in cold weather, and have a limited capacity. 

     Because of these attributes and the expected transition from combustion engine vehicles to EVs, the hunt is on to find the materials for the next generation of batteries. "If there is one battery technology to keep an eye on, it is graphene," says Jard van Ingen, co-founder and CEO of Focus, an AI analysis platform that predicts technological breakthroughs based on global patent data. Acumen Research and Consulting is also predicting graphene to become an industry worth over $1 Billion by 2032, up from $105 Million last year in 2023.

     Graphene does have one drawback, it's currently not produced in large quantities to fully replace the lithium-ion market. Scientists and engineers are working with over twenty production methods to find the one that will produce graphene in large quantities and at low costs. Once this has been achieved, graphene will finally be able to be utilized in the same way lithium-ion is being used.

FILED UNDER: MAY 23, 2024: SCIENCE & NATURE, LOCAL, NATIONAL:              

   

Summer 2024, Why You Should Stop Using Peat Moss

As The Start Of The 2024 Gardening Season Kicks Off Here Are Some Facts About How Peat Moss Contributes To Climate Change 

Saturday, May 18, 2024, 2:30 P.M. ET. By Elaine Metz: Englebrook Independent News,

MORRISTOWN, NJ.- Summer is just around the corner, bringing with it some beautiful warm weather, and also bringing all those gardening projects that you have been putting off. With the start of summer, so begins the grilling season, so your garden needs to look its very best. However, look closely at what compost or soil mix you are purchasing at the nursery or your local garden center. 

     A commonly used ingredient peat- sometimes called sphagnum moss but is best known as peat moss- but the use of peat is an environmental disaster.

     Peat is a highly organic soil composed of dead plant material, naturally formed in waterlogged environments where dead plants and animals are unable to properly decompose. These peatlands are rare and important habitats. Not only are they often biodiversity hotspots, but they are incredibly important for the climate, as peat stores huge amounts of carbon. Peat is even a better storer of carbon than trees, with twice as much carbon stored globally in peatlands than in forests. 

     However, these amazing carbon-storing properties only occur when peatlands are in good environmental condition. Removing peat for use in horticulture, or as a fuel source, releases all of the stored carbon, contributing to climate change and inducing greenhouse gas emissions. Global greenhouse gas emissions from degraded peatlands are greater than emissions from the aviation industry.

     It is incredibly important that we prevent the destruction of peatlands and move toward their restoration, so that they once again remove carbon from the atmosphere and not polluting it. Peat use in horticulture has already been banned in the United Kingdom, but the U.S. is yet to follow.

     You might have concerns that without peat your garden might start looking sad, but do not worry. Peat is added to soil mix to increase moisture retention, but it is actually very low in nutrients. Therefore, there are many alternatives that will benefit your soil and plants even more than peat. For example, there is coconut coir, made from waste from the coconut industry, compost from agricultural waste, or homemade compost from your own kitchen waste. So please, for "Peat's Sake," check what's in your bag of soil, and please choose wisely this year.

FILED UNDER: MAY 18, 2024: LIFESTYLE, SCIENCE & NATURE, COMMUNITY HUB, NATIONAL, LOCAL:          

 

Is It Possible You "MAY" Have Missed This One

New Species Of Electric Blue Tarantula Discovered In Thailand

Saturday, May 18, 2024, 12:05 P.M. ET. By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News, 

PHANG-NGA-TH.- Just last year, a new species of electric blue tarantula was discovered in Thailand making it the first known tarantula of its kind to be located in the mangrove swamps in the Phang-Nga Province of Thailand. The incredible blue color of the spider does not come from pigmented cells, but rather from tiny nanostructures in its hairs that produce the bright iridescence.

     Strangely enough, the spider was known from the pet trade as the electric blue tarantula but had never been identified in the wild. The scientific name that it has been given is Chilobrachys natanicharum. The species name of the spider natanicharum was chosen through an auction to benefit cancer patients and the education of indigenous Lahu children and is a combination of the names of Mr. Natakorn Changrew and Ms. Nichada Changrew.

     While surveying in the Phang-Nga Province of Thailand, wildlife YouTuber JoCho Sippawat and researchers from Khon Kaen University spotted the brilliant blue tarantula on trees in the mangrove forests. Though easily spotted, catching them proved to be much more difficult. "Collecting them was challenging due to the muddy and waterlogged ground," said Narin Chomphuphuang, a member of the research team. "These tarantulas inhabit hollow trees and the difficulty of catching an electric-blue tarantula lies in the need to climb a tree and lure it out of a complex of hollows amid humid and slippery conditions. During our expedition, we walked in the evening and at night during low tide, managing to collect only two of them."

     Scientists aren't sure why the tarantula has evolved this blue iridescence but think it may have something to do with attracting mates, as is common in many other species.

FILED UNDER: MAY 18, 2024: WORLD, GLOBAL, NATIONAL, LOCAL, SCIENCE & NATURE:    

EPA To Begin Michigan Superfund Site Cleanups

After Years Of Delays, The U.S. EPA Says It Will Begin Michigan's Long-Awaited Superfund & Brownfield Site Cleanups

Sunday, May 5, 2024, 10:30 A.M. ET. By Ryan Metz: Englebrook Independent News,

WASHINGTON, DC.- Following years of delays, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has announced that it will begin the Superfund cleanup backlog, starting with the Velsicol Burn Pit in St. Louis, Michigan. The cleanup is being funded by the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL), which was passed into law in 2021. 

     The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, commonly known as Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL) was originally proposed as the Invest Act. This act allocates approximately $1.2 trillion over the next decade for various infrastructure projects, which is nearly $500 million more than what was previously allocated. Funds from the act are being made available in multiple sectors of the economy ranging from transportation to the rebuilding of critical infrastructure such as bridges and roads, to the green sector with billions allocated for environmental cleanup of Superfund Sites and Brownfields.

     According to a publication from the Michigan State Government:

          The Former Burn Area (FBA), also known as the Velsicol Burn        Pit Superfund Site, is located in an out-of-bounds area on the                Hidden Oaks Golf Course in St. Louis, Gratiot County, Michigan.        It Is the former waste-burning site for the Velsicol Chemical Plant,        formerly the Michigan Chemical Corporation. From 1956 to 1970,        a number of chemicals were burned at the Former Burn Area               weekly. Records are not available on all of the chemicals that were       discarded or burned at the site. Because of this, the Michigan                 Department of Environmental Quality sampled the soil and ash             piles, groundwater, and sediment for 150 chemicals as part of the         Remedial Investigation. In 2010, the Former Burn Area was placed       on the National Priorities List and became a "Superfund Site."

     A recent press release from the White House states that the act provides funding for the green sector as follows: (1) abandon mine land reclamation ($11.3 billion), (2) orphaned well plugging, remediation, and restoration ($4.7 billion), (3) Superfund Site cleanup ($3.5 billion), (4) Brownfield remediation and revitalization ($1.5 billion). Along with the $3.5 billion allocated for Superfund Sites, the bill also waives cost-sharing requirements by states for this funding.

     The U.S. EPA states that $1 billion of the funding will go to 49 Superfund Sites that have yet to be funded across the United States as well as dozens of other sites to accelerate remediation that is already underway. In addition to these Superfund Sites, Brownfield remediation is also a target for environmental cleanup. 

     The Brownfield remediation and revitalization will likely affect communities with abandoned industrial areas or open spaces that remain contaminated from previous industrial use. The cleanup of these sites is expected to allow communities to reclaim these spaces that remain contaminated from previous industrial use. The cleanup of these sites is expected to allow communities to reclaim these spaces for parkland and redevelopment along with mitigating risks to air and water quality and other hazards to people and wildlife.

FILED UNDER: MAY 5, 2024: NATIONAL, SCIENCE & NATURE, WASHINGTON, HEALTH: